The Vet’s Guide to Maltese Shih Tzus: Facts, Care, and Training Tips

Background and Breed History

The Maltese Shih Tzu is a hybrid breed developed in the late 20th century to create a small companion dog with reduced shedding and a gentle temperament. By crossing the Maltese with the Shih Tzu, breeders aimed to blend the Shih Tzu’s sturdiness and sociability with the Maltese’s elegance and affection. Though not recognised by traditional kennel clubs as a purebred, the Malshi has become a favourite among Australian families and apartment dwellers alike.

Appearance

Maltese Shih Tzus have a soft, teddy bear-like appearance with round, expressive eyes and a short to medium-length muzzle. Their ears hang down gently at the sides of the face, and their coat can be straight or slightly wavy. Thanks to their mixed heritage, individual appearance may vary, but most have a compact, well-balanced build with a soft, flowing coat.

Physical Characteristics

The average adult Maltese Shih Tzu stands between 20 to 30 cm tall and weighs anywhere from 3 to 7 kg. Coat colours include white, cream, black, brown, or a mix of these shades. Their coat is usually soft and silky, and while they are low-shedding, they are not hypoallergenic and still require regular grooming.

Temperament

Maltese Shih Tzus are known for their affectionate and friendly nature. They love being around people and often form strong bonds with their owners. Most are sociable, gentle, and easygoing, though some may develop separation anxiety if left alone for long periods. Their adaptable personality makes them suitable for a variety of households.

Activity Level

While not overly energetic, Maltese Shih Tzus still need regular exercise to stay healthy and happy. A couple of short walks each day combined with indoor play is usually enough to meet their activity needs. They are well-suited to smaller living spaces, as long as their minds and bodies are engaged daily.

Health

Common health concerns include dog dental disease, patellar luxation, tear staining, and allergies. Due to their small size and shorter muzzle, they may also be more prone to respiratory issues, especially in hot weather. Regular vet visits, preventive care, and good grooming habits go a long way in keeping them well.

Lifespan

With proper care, Maltese Shih Tzus can live between 12 to 15 years. Feeding a balanced diet, keeping up with grooming, and attending regular vet check-ups can help your Malshi enjoy a long and comfortable life.

Maltese Shih Tzus may be low-shedding, but they are not low-maintenance when it comes to grooming. Their beautiful coats require regular care to prevent matting, maintain comfort, and support healthy skin.

Grooming Requirements

Daily brushing is ideal for Maltese Shih Tzus, especially if you choose to keep their coat long. A slicker brush or comb can help remove tangles and keep the coat smooth. Many owners opt for a “puppy cut” to make maintenance easier. Regular brushing also helps reduce tear staining and keeps the face clean.

Bathing

Bathe your Maltese Shih Tzu every three to four weeks or when they get dirty. Use a gentle, hypoallergenic dog shampoo to avoid drying out the skin. Be sure to rinse thoroughly, especially around the face and ears, to prevent irritation.

Dental Care

Dental disease is a common issue in small dog breeds like Maltese Shih Tzus. Brush their teeth at least three times per week using a dog-safe toothpaste. Dental chews and vet-recommended dental diets can also help support good oral hygiene.

Ear Cleaning

Check their ears weekly for wax, odour, or signs of irritation. Clean gently with a damp cloth or a vet-approved ear cleaner. Hair inside the ear canal may need to be trimmed if advised by your groomer or vet.

Nail Trimming

Maltese Shih Tzus need nail trims every three to four weeks. Overgrown nails can cause discomfort and affect their posture. If you hear their nails tapping on the floor, it's time for a trim.

Maltese Shih Tzus are intelligent, eager to please, and respond well to gentle, reward-based training. Their sensitive nature means consistency, kindness, and clear communication are essential.

Positive Reinforcement

Training works best when your Maltese Shih Tzu feels safe and encouraged. Use dog treats, praise, and dog toys to reward good behaviour, and avoid harsh tones or punishment, which can cause anxiety or stubbornness. Short, fun sessions are more effective than long or repetitive ones.

Use Treats to Keep Them Engaged

High-value dog treats can help keep your Maltese Shih Tzu focused, especially when teaching new commands or working in distracting environments. Keep training sessions upbeat and always end on a positive note to build confidence.

Socialisation

Socialising your Maltese Shih Tzu from a young age helps prevent nervousness or excessive barking. Introduce them to different people, pets, and places gradually and positively. Puppy classes can also be a great way to build social skills and confidence.

House Training

House training may take time, especially in small breeds. Stick to a regular routine for meals and toilet breaks, and reward your dog immediately after they go in the right spot. Crate training can also be helpful for building a consistent toilet schedule.

Obedience and Enrichment

Basic obedience like sit, stay, and come is important for safety and communication. Maltese Shih Tzus enjoy learning and benefit from enrichment activities like scent games, trick training, or enrichment toys for dogs that challenge their minds and keep them engaged.

Maltese Shih Tzus are generally healthy and long-lived, but like all breeds, they are prone to specific conditions. With regular check-ups and early intervention, most issues can be managed effectively.

Dental Disease

Dental problems are one of the most common issues in small breeds like the Malshi. Plaque and tartar build-up can lead to gum disease, tooth loss, and even systemic infections. Brush their teeth regularly, take a tailored approach to nutrition and consider annual dental cleanings at the vet.

Learn more about how nutrition can support your dog's dental health in our best dental dog food veterinarian-approved guide.

Mobility Issues

Musculoskeletal conditions and dog mobility issues like patellar luxation and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are relatively common in Maltese Shih Tzus. This condition occurs when the kneecap slips out of place. It can cause intermittent limping or skipping during movement. Mild cases may not need treatment, but more severe instances may require surgery. Keeping your dog at a healthy weight helps reduce strain on the joints.

Learn more about how nutrition can support your dog's mobility health in our vet-approved guide to the best dog food for joint support.

Eye Problems

Malshis may be prone to tear staining, dry eye, or conditions like cataracts as they age. Wipe their face gently each day to prevent staining and keep an eye out for signs like redness, squinting, or discharge. See your vet if any changes occur.

Allergies and Skin Sensitivities

Maltese Shih Tzus may develop dog skin conditions from food or environmental reasons, often seen as itchy skin, ear infections, or chronic licking. Your vet may recommend a dietary change, medicated dog shampoo, or allergy testing based on the symptoms.

Brachycephalic Traits

Although not as flat-faced as some other breeds, Maltese Shih Tzus may still have shortened muzzles. This can increase the risk of snoring, noisy breathing, or overheating. Monitor them during warm weather and avoid intense exercise in hot or humid conditions.

Maltese Shih Tzus are affectionate and people-focused, but without the right guidance, they can develop unwanted behaviours like separation anxiety, barking, or clinginess. Understanding their emotional needs helps prevent issues before they start.

Separation Anxiety

This breed forms strong bonds with their people and may struggle when left alone for long periods. Signs of anxiety in dogs include barking, whining, pacing, or destructive behaviour. Build up alone time gradually, offer interactive toys when you leave, and keep arrivals and departures low-key.

Barking

Maltese Shih Tzus can be vocal, especially when bored or when alerting to noise outside. While this can make them great watchdogs, excessive barking can become a problem. Teach a “quiet” command and redirect their attention with toys or treats when barking becomes excessive.

Attention-Seeking

These dogs love to be the centre of attention and may nudge, whine, or bark to get your focus. Encourage calm behaviour by ignoring pushy habits and rewarding calm, polite interactions instead.

Stubbornness

While they are eager to please, some Maltese Shih Tzus can be a little headstrong. Consistent routines, clear boundaries, and positive reinforcement help manage stubborn tendencies. Avoid harsh discipline, which can cause them to shut down or become anxious.

Social Confidence

Without proper socialisation, Malshis may become shy or overprotective. Introduce them to new people and settings slowly, using treats and praise to build positive associations.

Though small in size, Maltese Shih Tzus still need daily physical and mental activity to stay healthy and well-behaved. A tired dog is a calm dog, and this breed benefits from structured routines and playful stimulation.

Daily Walks

Two short walks per day—around 15 to 20 minutes each—is usually enough for a Maltese Shih Tzu. These walks help with weight control, mental stimulation, and social exposure. Choose cooler times of day during summer and watch for signs of fatigue.

Playtime at Home

Indoor play is perfect for this breed. Use soft toys for fetch, tug, or chase games to burn energy and encourage bonding. Rotate toys regularly to keep things interesting.

Puzzle Toys and Food Games

Interactive feeders and dog puzzle toys are great for providing mental stimulation, especially when your dog is left alone. Hide treats inside toys or use food-dispensing balls to turn mealtime into a brain game.

Training Games

Incorporate short training sessions into your daily routine. Teaching fun tricks or refreshing basic commands provides enrichment and strengthens your bond with your dog.

Social Play

If your Maltese Shih Tzu is well-socialised, short playdates with other small, friendly dogs can be beneficial. Supervise play closely, especially if the other dog is more energetic or larger in size.

A balanced, portion-controlled diet helps keep your Maltese Shih Tzu healthy, active, and at a healthy weight. With the right food and routine, you can support their dental health, digestive system, and energy needs at every stage of life.

Nutritional Balance

Choose a premium small breed dog food that features real meat, healthy fats, and easily digestible grains or vegetables. Look for added omega-3s for skin health, antioxidants for immune support, and a balance of fibre to support digestion.

Puppy Needs

Maltese Shih Tzu puppies need small-breed puppy food that supports steady growth and is nutrient-dense. Feed them three to four small meals a day, adjusting portions as they grow. Always follow your vet’s guidance for portion sizes.

Adult and Senior Dogs

Adult Malshis benefit from a diet that supports joint and skin health while maintaining a healthy weight. Senior dogs may require fewer calories and added support for aging joints and dental care. Transition slowly to new diets to avoid stomach upset.

Dental Support

Since this breed is prone to dental issues, consider dry kibble with a dental formula or add daily dog dental chews. Brushing their teeth regularly helps too, but diet plays a big role in oral health.

Portion Sizes

Small breeds can become overweight easily. Always measure your dog’s meals using a scoop or scale, and avoid free-feeding. Divide daily portions into two meals and limit treats to no more than 10 percent of their daily intake.

Choosing a Maltese Shih Tzu starts with finding a source that prioritises health, welfare, and responsible breeding. Whether you adopt or buy, your new dog deserves a safe and loving start to life.

Adoption and Rescue

There are many small breed rescue groups and local shelters in Australia that occasionally have Maltese Shih Tzus or similar mixes available. Adopting a dog gives them a second chance and can be an incredibly rewarding option. These organisations usually assess the dog’s health and temperament before adoption.

Buying from a Breeder

If you prefer to buy a puppy, always go through an ethical breeder. A reputable breeder will screen for health issues common in both Maltese and Shih Tzus and raise puppies in a clean, socialised home environment. Ask for health clearances and visit the premises if possible.

Questions to Ask a Breeder

• What health tests have the parents undergone?
• How are the puppies socialised?
• Can I meet the mother?
• Do you offer ongoing support?
• What are you doing to prevent inherited conditions?

Breed Resources

Websites like RightPaw and registered small breed clubs can help you find breeders who follow high standards of care. Always avoid buying from pet stores or online sellers who cannot demonstrate ethical breeding practices.

Love the Maltese Shih Tzu's affectionate personality and compact size? Here are a few other breeds you might also enjoy.

• Cavoodle – A cross between a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel and a Poodle, Cavoodles are friendly, playful, and low-shedding.
• Havanese – Cheerful and adaptable, Havanese dogs are a bit sturdier than Malshis and equally devoted to their people.
• Bichon Frise – A fluffy, happy companion with a similar temperament and grooming needs.
• Shih Tzu – One half of the Malshi mix, Shih Tzus are loyal and gentle dogs with a love of lounging and companionship.
• Maltese – Elegant and affectionate, Maltese dogs are great for those looking for a lively yet manageable lap dog.

The Maltese Shih Tzu is a charming, affectionate breed that thrives on companionship and gentle care. With consistent grooming, positive training, and lots of love, this little dog will reward you with years of joy and loyalty.

This article was written by Dr. Jack Ayerbe