The Vet’s Guide to Maltipoo Dogs: Facts, Care, and Training Tips

The Maltipoo is a popular and charming designer breed, a cross between a Maltese and a Miniature or Toy Poodle. Known for their affectionate personality, small size, and low-shedding coat, Maltipoos make wonderful companions for a wide range of households, from families to seniors. This breed combines the best traits of both parent breeds, resulting in a friendly, adaptable dog that thrives on love and attention.

Background: Maltipoos were originally bred to create a small, affectionate dog with a hypoallergenic coat. By combining the Maltese's gentle, loving nature with the Poodle’s intelligence and low-shedding coat, breeders created a hybrid perfect for those with allergies or those seeking a playful, cuddly companion. Although the breed isn’t officially recognised by major kennel clubs, Maltipoos have gained popularity due to their ideal balance of charm, energy, and loyalty.

Appearance: Maltipoos are small, fluffy dogs that generally inherit the soft, curly or wavy coat of their Poodle parent. Their coat can come in a variety of colours, including white, cream, apricot, or grey, with some Maltipoos displaying a mix of these shades. Maltipoos tend to have a slightly rounded head with expressive, dark eyes and a short muzzle, giving them an adorable, teddy bear-like appearance. Their floppy ears and alert, playful expression add to their undeniable charm.

Physical Characteristics: Maltipoos are small dogs, standing between 20 to 35 centimetres tall and weighing around 2.5 to 7 kilograms, depending on the size of the Poodle parent. They are lightweight and agile, with a body that’s slightly longer than it is tall. Their soft coat, which can be either curly like the Poodle’s or wavy like the Maltese’s, requires regular grooming to prevent tangles and mats. Despite their small stature, Maltipoos are sturdy and active, capable of keeping up with moderate physical activity.

Temperament: Maltipoos are known for their affectionate and social nature. They thrive on human companionship and love to be part of the family, whether it’s snuggling on the couch or playing in the backyard. Maltipoos are friendly, making them good with children, other dogs, and even cats, provided they are properly socialised. However, because they bond so closely with their family, Maltipoos can suffer from separation anxiety if left alone for long periods. Their sensitive nature makes them responsive to positive reinforcement during training, though they may be shy or reserved with strangers at first.

Activity Level: While Maltipoos have bursts of playful energy, they are not overly demanding when it comes to exercise. A couple of short walks each day and some playtime indoors or in the garden will usually suffice to keep them healthy and happy. Their moderate exercise needs make them well-suited to both apartment living and larger homes with access to a yard. Interactive play, such as fetch or tug-of-war, will not only burn off their energy but also keep them mentally stimulated.

Health: As a hybrid breed, Maltipoos tend to be fairly healthy, but they can still inherit some genetic conditions from their Maltese and Poodle parent breeds. Common health issues include patellar luxation (a knee joint problem), progressive retinal atrophy (PRA, a degenerative eye disease), and dental problems due to their small mouths. Regular vet check-ups, proper grooming, and dental care are essential to keep them in optimal health.

Lifespan: Maltipoos generally enjoy a long, healthy life, with an average lifespan of 12 to 15 years. With proper care, nutrition, and regular veterinary visits, many Maltipoos live well into their teens, making them a loyal and loving companion for many years.

Grooming a Maltipoo involves more than just keeping their coat neat and tidy; it is essential for their overall health and well-being. With their soft, curly or wavy coat, Maltipoos require regular maintenance to prevent tangles and mats, while also ensuring their teeth, ears, and nails are kept in good condition. Regular grooming keeps them looking their best and helps prevent some common health issues associated with this breed.

Grooming Requirements: Maltipoos' coats, whether curly like a Poodle's or wavy like a Maltese's, need regular attention to stay healthy. Daily or every-other-day brushing is recommended to prevent mats, especially around areas prone to tangling, like the ears, legs, and underbelly. A slicker brush or comb designed for curly coats is ideal for this task. Maltipoos also benefit from professional grooming every 6 to 8 weeks, which includes trimming their coat to a manageable length and cleaning their ears. Regular grooming helps maintain their coat’s texture and reduces the risk of skin irritations caused by mats and tangles.

Bathing: Bathing your Maltipoo every 3 to 4 weeks is usually sufficient to keep their coat and skin clean. Be sure to use a gentle, hypoallergenic dog shampoo, as Maltipoos can be prone to skin sensitivities. After bathing, it’s important to thoroughly dry their coat, as damp hair can lead to skin irritations and matting. Use a towel or a low-heat hair dryer, and brush out any tangles while drying to prevent matting. If your Maltipoo has a tendency to get dirty frequently (for example, after outdoor play), spot cleaning or gentle wiping down between baths can help maintain cleanliness.

Dental Care: Due to their small mouths, Maltipoos are prone to dental problems such as plaque buildup, tartar, and tooth decay. Regular brushing of their teeth, ideally every day but at least two to three times per week, is crucial to preventing dental disease. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and dog-safe toothpaste to keep their teeth clean and gums healthy. In addition to brushing, offering dental chews can help reduce plaque and tartar. Professional dental cleanings from your vet are also recommended annually to ensure your Maltipoo’s oral health is in top condition.

Clean Ears: Maltipoos’ floppy ears can trap moisture and dirt, making them susceptible to ear infections. To prevent this, check their ears weekly for any signs of redness, odour, or excess wax. Cleaning their ears with a vet-recommended ear cleaner will help remove dirt and moisture that can lead to infections. When cleaning their ears, be gentle and avoid pushing anything too deep into the ear canal. Regular ear care is essential, especially after baths or swimming, as damp ears are more likely to develop problems.

Nail Trimming: Keeping your Maltipoo’s nails trimmed is important to avoid discomfort and prevent issues with their gait or posture. Their nails should be trimmed every 4 to 6 weeks, or more frequently if they do not naturally wear down from walking on hard surfaces. If you can hear their nails clicking on the floor, it’s time for a trim. Use dog-specific nail clippers or a grinder, and be cautious not to cut too far down, as Maltipoos have small, delicate nails that are easy to over-trim. Introducing nail trimming early in life helps your dog become accustomed to the process and makes it easier as they grow older.

Like all breeds, Maltipoos can be susceptible to certain health problems, some of which are inherited from their Maltese and Poodle parents. Knowing the common health issues Maltipoos face can help you take preventive measures and seek early treatment when necessary.

Patellar Luxation: One of the most common orthopaedic issues seen in small breeds, including Maltipoos, is patellar luxation. This condition occurs when the kneecap (patella) slips out of its normal position, causing discomfort and difficulty walking. Symptoms include limping, skipping, or holding up the affected leg. Mild cases can often be managed with medication and rest, but more severe cases may require surgery to correct the problem. Regular vet check-ups can help detect patellar luxation early, and maintaining a healthy weight can reduce stress on the joints.

Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA): Maltipoos can be prone to progressive retinal atrophy, a degenerative eye condition that causes the gradual loss of vision and can lead to blindness. This condition is inherited from the Poodle side of the breed. While PRA is not curable, early diagnosis through routine eye exams can help manage the condition and ensure your dog’s comfort. Dogs with PRA can still live happy lives with proper adjustments to their environment.

Dental Disease: Dental issues are common in Maltipoos due to their small mouths, which can lead to overcrowding of teeth and difficulty maintaining proper dental hygiene. This can result in plaque buildup, gum disease, and tooth decay. Regular brushing, dental chews, and professional cleanings are key to preventing these problems. Left untreated, dental disease can lead to more serious issues, including infections and tooth loss, so maintaining your Maltipoo’s oral health is crucial.

White Shaker Syndrome: Maltipoos, particularly those with white coats, are susceptible to White Shaker Syndrome, a neurological condition that causes tremors in small dog breeds. Symptoms include uncontrollable shaking or trembling, which is usually more pronounced during periods of excitement or stress. Though the exact cause is unknown, White Shaker Syndrome can often be managed with medication prescribed by your vet, and many dogs live normal, happy lives with treatment.

Allergies and Skin Issues: Maltipoos can suffer from allergies, both environmental and food-related, which may lead to itching, skin irritation, and frequent ear infections. Signs of allergies include scratching, licking paws, and red or inflamed skin. Managing allergies may require dietary changes, medicated shampoos, or allergy treatments prescribed by your veterinarian. Regular grooming and the use of hypoallergenic products can also help reduce skin irritations.

By being aware of these common health issues and ensuring regular veterinary check-ups, you can help your Maltipoo live a long, healthy, and comfortable life.

Training a Maltipoo is generally an enjoyable process, thanks to their intelligence and eagerness to please. They inherit the Poodle’s sharp mind and the Maltese’s affectionate nature, making them highly trainable with the right approach. However, Maltipoos can also be a bit sensitive, so using positive reinforcement and plenty of patience is key to ensuring a successful training experience. Training should begin early to establish good behaviour patterns and prevent unwanted habits from forming.

Positive Reinforcement: Maltipoos respond best to positive reinforcement methods, such as praise, treats, and play. Rewarding them with small, tasty treats when they follow commands helps reinforce good behaviour. Use a high-value treat that they find irresistible, especially when teaching new skills or commands. Verbal praise and affection, such as petting, can also be highly effective. It's important to be consistent—always reward your Maltipoo immediately after they perform the desired action so they clearly associate the behaviour with the reward.

Short, Fun Training Sessions: Maltipoos have a relatively short attention span, so keeping training sessions brief (around 10-15 minutes) is crucial. Focus on one or two commands during each session and practice in a calm environment free from distractions. As your Maltipoo masters basic commands like “sit,” “stay,” and “come,” you can gradually introduce more challenging commands and fun tricks to keep them mentally stimulated.

Crate Training and Housebreaking: Crate training is an excellent method to help housebreak a Maltipoo, especially during their puppy phase. Create a comfortable, inviting space in their crate where they feel safe, and use the crate as a tool for managing their potty schedule. Consistency and routine are vital for success in house training. Take your Maltipoo outside regularly, particularly after meals, and reward them with praise and treats when they relieve themselves outdoors. Patience and persistence are key, as Maltipoos can take a little longer to fully housebreak due to their small size and frequent need to urinate.

Socialisation: Early socialisation is essential for Maltipoos to ensure they are well-behaved and confident around other dogs, people, and different environments. Introduce your Maltipoo to new situations gradually, and reward them with treats and praise for calm and positive interactions. This helps prevent behavioural issues like fearfulness or excessive barking later in life.

Keeping your Maltipoo active and engaged is vital to their overall health and happiness. While Maltipoos aren’t as demanding as high-energy breeds, they still need regular exercise and mental stimulation to prevent boredom, which can lead to undesirable behaviours like barking or chewing. Incorporating play and enrichment activities into their daily routine will ensure they remain a well-balanced, content companion.

Playing Fetch: Fetch is a simple and effective way to keep your Maltipoo physically active. Despite their small size, Maltipoos often have bursts of energy and enjoy running after a ball or toy. Use a soft toy or a small ball to play fetch indoors or in the yard. This activity not only provides physical exercise but also helps strengthen the bond between you and your dog.

Interactive Toys: Maltipoos are intelligent dogs that enjoy solving puzzles and playing with interactive toys. Invest in puzzle toys or treat-dispensing toys that encourage them to think and engage with their environment. These toys can keep your Maltipoo occupied for hours and help reduce boredom, especially when they are home alone.

Tug-of-War: Tug-of-war is a great game that allows Maltipoos to engage in a fun, physical activity without requiring a lot of space. Use a sturdy tug toy and gently engage in play, being careful not to pull too hard to avoid harming their small teeth or jaws. This game is not only physically stimulating but also builds trust and interaction with you.

Walks and Exploring: Daily walks are important for your Maltipoo’s physical health and mental stimulation. A couple of 20-30 minute walks each day give them the opportunity to explore new environments, which can be very enriching for a curious dog like a Maltipoo. Be sure to keep them on a leash, as their small size makes them vulnerable to larger dogs and potential hazards.

Training Games: Combine training with fun by turning it into a game. Teaching your Maltipoo to “find” hidden treats or toys can challenge their mind while reinforcing obedience skills. You can also practice agility training by setting up small obstacle courses with tunnels, ramps, or weave poles in your yard or living room. These games help keep them mentally sharp and physically active.

By incorporating a variety of these activities into your Maltipoo’s daily routine, you’ll keep them happy, healthy, and well-behaved.

While Maltipoos are generally well-mannered, affectionate dogs, they can develop certain behavioural issues if not properly trained and socialised. Their sensitive nature and close bond with their families make them prone to specific problems like separation anxiety, excessive barking, and, at times, stubbornness. Understanding these potential issues and addressing them early can help ensure your Maltipoo remains a well-balanced companion.

Separation Anxiety: One of the most common behavioural issues in Maltipoos is separation anxiety. Because they are so attached to their owners, Maltipoos often struggle when left alone for extended periods. Signs of separation anxiety include excessive barking, destructive chewing, or pacing when you leave the house. To combat this, start by gradually getting your Maltipoo accustomed to short periods of alone time and reward them with treats or toys for calm behaviour. Providing interactive toys or puzzle feeders when you’re out can also help keep their mind occupied.

Excessive Barking: Maltipoos are known to be a bit vocal, especially when they are excited, bored, or anxious. If not addressed, this can become an issue, particularly in apartment settings or if you live close to neighbours. To manage excessive barking, it’s important to first identify the cause. If your Maltipoo is barking out of boredom, increase their physical and mental stimulation through more playtime or engaging activities. Training them to respond to commands like “quiet” using positive reinforcement can also help reduce unwanted barking.

Stubbornness During Training: Although Maltipoos are intelligent and eager to please, they can sometimes be stubborn, particularly during training sessions. This trait often comes from the Poodle side of their lineage. If your Maltipoo is resistant to commands or slow to respond, keep training sessions short and positive. Using high-value treats and varying the training exercises will help keep them motivated. Patience and consistency are key to overcoming any stubborn tendencies.

Fearfulness or Shyness: Maltipoos can sometimes exhibit shy or fearful behaviour, especially around strangers or in unfamiliar environments. This can lead to problems like hiding, cowering, or even snapping if they feel threatened. Proper socialisation from a young age is essential to prevent this. Exposing your Maltipoo to a variety of people, pets, and settings in a controlled and positive manner will help them become more confident and well-adjusted.

Feeding your Maltipoo a balanced and nutritious diet is essential for their overall health and well-being. Because they are a small breed with moderate energy levels, Maltipoos need a diet that provides the right amount of protein, healthy fats, and vitamins to support their growth and sustain their activity levels. It’s important to adjust their nutrition as they grow, ensuring both puppies and adult dogs receive the appropriate nutrients for their specific life stage.

General Nutritional Needs: Maltipoos thrive on high-quality dog food that provides a balanced blend of protein, fats, and carbohydrates. Look for dog food that lists real meat, like chicken or lamb, as the first ingredient, and avoid foods with fillers such as corn, soy, or artificial preservatives. A diet rich in omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids supports a healthy coat, while antioxidants and vitamins help strengthen their immune system. Depending on their activity level, your Maltipoo will need around 1/2 to 1 cup of food per day, split into two meals. Be sure to monitor their weight, as small breeds like Maltipoos can easily gain weight if overfed.

Puppy Nutrition: Maltipoo puppies have different nutritional needs compared to adult dogs, as they are in a critical growth stage. Puppies need a diet that is rich in protein and healthy fats to support the development of strong muscles, bones, and nervous system. Puppy-specific dog food is formulated with the right balance of nutrients for growing dogs, and it’s important to feed them smaller, more frequent meals throughout the day. Most puppies will require three to four meals a day, transitioning to two meals as they mature. Calcium and phosphorus levels are also essential for healthy bone development, so be sure their puppy food contains these key nutrients.

Nutritional Needs for Adults: As your Maltipoo reaches adulthood, typically around one year old, their nutritional requirements will shift toward maintaining their energy levels and overall health. Adult Maltipoos require fewer calories than puppies, so it’s important to switch to adult-formulated dog food to avoid excess weight gain. Adult Maltipoos should continue to have a diet that includes a good source of protein, healthy fats, and carbohydrates to keep them energised. Fibre is also beneficial as it helps with digestion, while glucosamine can be included to support joint health, particularly as they age.

Specific Dietary Considerations: Maltipoos are prone to certain health issues, such as dental problems and allergies, which can be influenced by their diet. Providing them with dental chews and feeding them kibble that helps reduce plaque can support good dental hygiene. If your Maltipoo has food sensitivities, consult with your vet to identify the triggers and switch to a hypoallergenic diet if necessary. Additionally, maintaining a healthy weight is crucial to preventing joint issues like patellar luxation, so be sure to monitor portion sizes and avoid overfeeding.

By feeding your Maltipoo a well-balanced diet suited to their age and activity level, you’ll help ensure they stay healthy and happy throughout their life.

Whether you’re already a Maltipoo owner or thinking about welcoming one into your home, we hope this guide has provided helpful insights into their care, temperament, and unique needs. While this is a great starting point, it’s important to keep learning from trusted sources to ensure the best care for your dog. Connecting with other Maltipoo owners and exchanging experiences will deepen your understanding of this wonderful breed. With the right care, training, and plenty of love, your Maltipoo will be a loyal and affectionate companion for many happy years.

This article was written by Dr. Jack Ayerbe