The Vet’s Guide to Cavoodles: Facts, Care, and Training Tips

Cavoodles, also known as Cavapoos, are a popular Oodle crossbreed between a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel and a Poodle. Known for their friendly nature, affectionate demeanour, and low-shedding coat, Cavoodles have quickly become one of Australia’s most popular designer dogs. This breed is highly adaptable, making them a great fit for families, singles, and seniors alike.

Background: The Cavoodle was developed in the 1990s, combining the intelligence and low-shedding coat of the Poodle with the gentle and loving nature of the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel. The goal was to create a companion dog that was easy to train, good with children, and suitable for allergy sufferers. Over the years, Cavoodles have established themselves as a favourite due to their winning combination of temperament, appearance, and minimal shedding, inherited from their Poodle parent.

Appearance: Cavoodles are small to medium-sized dogs, with their appearance often varying depending on whether they are a cross between a Miniature or Toy Poodle. They typically have a soft, curly or wavy coat, which can come in a range of colours including cream, black, brown, red, and even multi-coloured combinations. Their expressive, large eyes and sweet faces give them a teddy bear-like appearance that only adds to their charm.

Physical Characteristics: The size of a Cavoodle can vary depending on its Poodle parent, but they typically weigh between 5 to 12 kilograms and stand about 25 to 38 cm tall at the shoulder. Their coat is usually soft and hypoallergenic, with regular grooming required to keep it in good condition. Cavoodles tend to have floppy ears, round heads, and a sturdy but compact build.

Temperament: These adorable dogs are renowned for their friendly, affectionate, and sociable nature. They are excellent with children and tend to get along well with other pets. Their Cavalier King Charles Spaniel lineage makes them loving and eager to please, while the Poodle’s intelligence makes them quick learners. Cavoodles are known to form strong bonds with their families and may experience separation anxiety if left alone for long periods.

Activity Level: While Cavoodles enjoy being active, they don’t require an intense amount of exercise to stay healthy. A daily walk and some playtime will usually suffice for this breed. They are playful, love interactive games, and enjoy mental stimulation, but their moderate energy levels make them suitable for both apartment living and homes with yards.

Health: Cavoodles are generally healthy dogs, but, like all breeds, they can be prone to certain health conditions. They may inherit some genetic predispositions from their parent breeds, such as heart issues (mitral valve disease) from the Cavalier or hip dysplasia from the Poodle. Regular vet check-ups, a healthy diet, and exercise can help manage or prevent these conditions. Cavoodles can also be prone to ear infections due to their floppy ears, so regular ear cleaning is essential.

Lifespan: Cavoodles tend to enjoy a long and healthy life, with an average lifespan of 12 to 15 years. With proper care, nutrition, and regular vet visits, many Cavoodles can live even longer, providing families with years of love and companionship.

Cavoodles, with their beautiful wavy or curly coats, require regular grooming to maintain their health and appearance. Their Poodle heritage often makes their coats low-shedding and hypoallergenic, but they still need consistent care to avoid tangles, matting, and skin issues. Proper grooming is also important for maintaining the overall cleanliness and comfort of your Cavoodle.

Grooming Requirements: Cavoodles’ coats are prone to matting, especially in areas like behind the ears, under the legs, and around the neck. To prevent this, they should be brushed at least three to four times a week using a slicker brush or comb designed for curly or wavy coats. Regular brushing will help remove dead hair, prevent tangles, and distribute natural oils throughout the coat to keep it shiny and soft. Many owners opt for professional grooming every six to eight weeks, often choosing a "puppy cut" that keeps their coat at a manageable length while maintaining their adorable appearance.

Bathing: Cavoodles do not require frequent bathing—about once every four to six weeks is generally sufficient unless they get particularly dirty. Use a mild, dog-specific shampoo to avoid irritating their sensitive skin. It's important to thoroughly rinse out all the shampoo to prevent residue from irritating their skin. After bathing, make sure their coat is fully dried, especially if they have a curlier coat, as this will prevent matting.

Skin Care: Cavoodles can have sensitive skin, which may become irritated by harsh grooming products, environmental allergens, or even frequent bathing. To avoid skin issues like dryness or dermatitis, always use gentle, hypoallergenic grooming products formulated for dogs. Regularly check for any signs of skin irritation, such as redness, flakiness, or excessive scratching. If you notice these signs, consult your vet, who may recommend a special shampoo or treatment.

Dental Care: Like many small breeds, Cavoodles are prone to dental problems, such as plaque buildup and gum disease. Regular dental care is essential for maintaining their oral health. Aim to brush your Cavoodle’s teeth at least two to three times a week with dog-safe toothpaste and a soft toothbrush. If your dog isn’t a fan of brushing, dental chews can help reduce plaque and freshen their breath, but they should not replace regular brushing. Routine dental check-ups with your vet will ensure your Cavoodle’s teeth and gums stay in good shape.

Clean Ears: Cavoodles, with their floppy ears, are prone to ear infections if moisture and wax build-up. Regularly clean their ears with a vet-recommended ear-cleaning solution to remove dirt and excess wax. Be gentle, using a cotton ball or soft cloth, and never insert anything into the ear canal. Keeping their ears dry after baths or swimming is also important to prevent infections. Watch for signs of ear issues, such as redness, foul odour, or your dog shaking their head, and consult your vet if these symptoms arise.

Nail Trimming: Keeping your Cavoodle’s nails trimmed is crucial for their comfort and mobility. Overgrown nails can cause discomfort, especially when walking, and may even lead to injuries. Trim their nails every four to six weeks or as needed, using a dog nail clipper or grinder. If you're unsure how to safely trim your Cavoodle's nails, ask your vet or groomer for guidance. Regular nail trimming will prevent overgrowth and keep their paws in healthy condition.

While Cavoodles are generally healthy dogs, they can be predisposed to certain health conditions due to their Cavalier King Charles Spaniel and Poodle lineage. Responsible breeders test for many of these issues, but it’s important to be aware of potential health concerns.

Mitral Valve Disease (MVD): Cavoodles can inherit mitral valve disease from their Cavalier King Charles Spaniel parent, a heart condition where the mitral valve deteriorates, leading to heart failure over time. Symptoms include coughing, difficulty breathing, and lethargy. Regular vet check-ups, especially as your dog ages, can help monitor heart health, and early detection can make a significant difference in managing the condition. Medications and lifestyle changes are often recommended to help manage MVD.

Hip Dysplasia: Hip dysplasia is a genetic condition where the hip joint doesn’t fit properly into the socket, causing pain and, over time, arthritis. This condition is more common in larger breeds but can affect Cavoodles as well, especially those with Miniature Poodle genes. Signs include limping, difficulty getting up, or reluctance to exercise. Maintaining a healthy weight, providing joint supplements, and regular vet check-ups can help manage or prevent discomfort from hip dysplasia. In severe cases, surgery may be required.

Patellar Luxation: Patellar luxation, or "slipped kneecap," is a common issue in small to medium-sized dogs, including Cavoodles. This condition occurs when the kneecap moves out of its normal position, causing discomfort and difficulty walking. Symptoms include limping, skipping steps, or an inability to bear weight on a leg. Mild cases may not require treatment beyond managing weight and providing joint supplements, while severe cases might necessitate surgery.

Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA): Progressive Retinal Atrophy is an inherited condition that leads to the gradual deterioration of the retina, eventually causing blindness. Unfortunately, there is no cure for PRA, but early detection can help slow the progression of symptoms. Regular eye check-ups can help catch this condition early, and while affected dogs can adjust to vision loss, it’s important to create a safe home environment.

Ear Infections: Due to their floppy ears, Cavoodles are prone to ear infections, which can cause discomfort and even hearing loss if left untreated. Regular ear cleaning and ensuring their ears are dry after baths or swimming will help prevent infections. If you notice your Cavoodle scratching their ears, shaking their head, or if there is a foul smell from the ears, consult your vet for treatment.

Allergies: Cavoodles can suffer from environmental or food-related allergies, which can manifest as skin irritations, excessive scratching, or gastrointestinal issues. Common allergens include pollen, dust mites, or certain proteins in food. If you suspect your Cavoodle has allergies, consult your vet for testing and treatment, which may include dietary changes or medication.

Cavoodles are highly intelligent, eager to please, and generally easy to train due to their Poodle lineage. Their natural curiosity and desire to bond with their owners make them quick learners, but like all dogs, they benefit from consistent, positive reinforcement training. Early training and socialisation are key to helping your Cavoodle develop good behaviour habits.

Positive Reinforcement: The best way to train a Cavoodle is through positive reinforcement methods, which involve rewarding good behaviour with treats, praise, or toys. Cavoodles respond exceptionally well to rewards, and using high-value treats can help them stay focused during training sessions. Start with basic commands such as "sit," "stay," and "come," and be consistent in your cues and rewards. Patience is crucial, and keeping sessions short (around 10-15 minutes) will help maintain your dog’s attention and prevent boredom.

Using Treats and Incentives: Cavoodles are food-motivated, making treats a powerful tool in training. Use small, healthy treats that are easy to chew, and always reward your Cavoodle immediately after they follow a command. Over time, you can gradually reduce the use of treats and replace them with praise or play as your dog becomes more consistent in their behaviour. Be mindful of not overfeeding during training sessions, and adjust your Cavoodle’s daily food intake accordingly to prevent weight gain.

Crate Training and House Training: Crate training can be highly effective for Cavoodles, providing them with a safe space and helping with house training. By using the crate as a positive place where your Cavoodle can rest, they will come to see it as their own den. Cavoodles typically house train quickly if you establish a consistent routine and offer praise and rewards when they go outside.

Socialisation: Early socialisation is vital for Cavoodles. Expose your puppy to various environments, people, and other dogs to help them grow into a confident, well-behaved adult. Puppy training classes can be a great way to introduce your Cavoodle to new experiences while reinforcing basic commands.

Keeping your Cavoodle active is important for their physical health and mental stimulation. Although they are moderate in their energy needs, regular playtime and activities will help prevent boredom and behavioural issues like chewing or excessive barking.

Fetch: Playing fetch is one of the best ways to engage your Cavoodle’s natural love of play and keep them physically active. Use a soft, dog-safe ball or toy and throw it in a secure, enclosed area or yard. Fetch provides great exercise and helps reinforce commands like "bring it back" or "drop."

Interactive Toys: Cavoodles are highly intelligent dogs that enjoy mental stimulation. Puzzle toys, treat-dispensing toys, and interactive games are excellent options to keep their minds busy. These toys encourage problem-solving and can be a great way to keep your Cavoodle entertained, especially when you’re not able to give them your full attention.

Tug-of-War and Chew Toys: Tug-of-War is a fun, interactive game that Cavoodles love. Using a sturdy tug toy, you can engage in a playful game that allows your dog to burn energy while strengthening their bond with you. Chew toys are also a good option, providing a safe outlet for their natural urge to chew and promoting dental health.

Walks and Off-Leash Play: Cavoodles enjoy regular walks, with about 30-60 minutes of exercise per day recommended. If your Cavoodle has a reliable recall, you can also allow off-leash play in secure areas like dog parks, where they can socialise and explore freely. Be mindful of their temperament and always supervise their interactions with other dogs.

These activities will not only keep your Cavoodle physically fit but also mentally engaged, helping them lead a balanced and happy life.

While Cavoodles are generally well-behaved and friendly dogs, they can develop some behavioural issues if not properly trained or if their needs aren’t met. Many of these problems stem from their intelligence and affectionate nature, which, if left unchecked, can lead to undesirable behaviours. Early training, regular exercise, and mental stimulation are key to preventing behavioural issues in Cavoodles.

Separation Anxiety: Cavoodles are known for their strong attachment to their owners, which can make them prone to separation anxiety. If left alone for long periods, they may exhibit signs of stress, such as excessive barking, destructive chewing, or restlessness. To manage separation anxiety, gradually get your Cavoodle used to being alone by starting with short absences and slowly increasing the time. Providing them with toys or treats to keep them occupied and leaving on calming music can also help ease their anxiety.

Excessive Barking: Cavoodles are naturally alert dogs, and while this makes them good watchdogs, it can also lead to excessive barking. They may bark at noises, unfamiliar people, or when they are bored. To reduce barking, it's important to identify the triggers and address the root cause. Proper training, mental stimulation, and redirecting their attention to toys or treats can help with this. Teaching the "quiet" command and rewarding your dog when they respond appropriately can also be very effective.

Chewing and Destructive Behaviour: Like many intelligent breeds, Cavoodles can become bored if not given enough stimulation, leading to destructive behaviours such as chewing on furniture or shoes. So ensure they have plenty of chew toys, mental enrichment, and regular playtime to prevent these habits. Crate training when you’re away from home or when the dog is unsupervised can also help limit destructive behaviours.

A balanced diet is essential to keep your Cavoodle healthy, energetic, and happy. Cavoodles, being small to medium-sized dogs with moderate activity levels, require food that meets their specific nutritional needs. The right combination of high-quality protein, fats, and carbohydrates will support their overall health, while portion control will help prevent obesity.

Puppy Nutritional Needs: Cavoodle puppies have higher energy needs than adults due to their rapid growth and development. It’s crucial to feed them a diet specifically formulated for puppies, as these are designed to provide the extra nutrients needed for healthy bones, muscles, and brain development. Puppies should be fed smaller, more frequent meals (about three to four times a day) until they are about six months old, after which you can gradually reduce to two meals per day. Ensure that their diet is rich in high-quality protein, healthy fats, and essential vitamins and minerals.

Adult Cavoodle Nutrition: As your Cavoodle transitions into adulthood, their nutritional needs will shift to focus on maintaining a healthy weight and supporting their energy levels. Most adult Cavoodles should be fed two balanced meals a day. Look for dog foods that contain quality proteins, such as chicken, fish, or lamb, along with whole grains, fruits, and vegetables. The inclusion of Omega-3 fatty acids can also help promote healthy skin and a shiny coat, while joint-supporting supplements like glucosamine are beneficial for maintaining mobility.

Portion Control and Weight Management: Cavoodles can be prone to weight gain, especially if they are overfed or receive too many treats. To prevent obesity, it's important to measure their food according to the guidelines on the dog food packaging, adjusted for their activity level and age. Use low-calorie, high-value treats during training sessions and consider interactive feeders or slow-feed bowls to prevent overeating. Regular exercise will also help keep your Cavoodle at a healthy weight.

By following these nutritional guidelines, you can ensure that your Cavoodle receives all the nutrients they need for a long, healthy life. Be sure to consult your vet for specific recommendations based on your dog’s individual needs.

Cavoodles are affectionate, intelligent, and adaptable companions, making them an excellent choice for families, singles, and seniors alike. Their friendly nature, low-shedding coat, and eagerness to please mean they thrive in loving homes where they receive regular grooming, training, and mental stimulation. With the right care and attention, a Cavoodle will be a loyal, playful, and loving addition to your family for years to come.

This article was written by Dr. Jack Ayerbe