Gabapentin Medication Guide: Information for Pet Owners

Schedule 4 (Prescription Only): Gabapentin is a medication registered for human use in Australia.

While the APVMA does not currently register it for specific use in animals, veterinarians may legally prescribe it "off-label" for dogs and cats when they determine it is the most appropriate clinical option. This medication must only be used under the direct supervision and prescription of a registered veterinarian.

For detailed technical data, you can view the official Product Information (PI) or Consumer Medicine Information CMI) via the TGA Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods ARTG.

Gabapentin is a prescription medication that your veterinarian may prescribe to help manage various clinical conditions.

Because its use in pets is considered "off-label" in Australia, your veterinarian will determine the specific application based on your pet's unique health profile.

Veterinarians may prescribe this medication to support pets in the following ways:

• Nerve-Related Pain: To help manage chronic or neuropathic pain signals.
• Behavioural Support: To assist with stress-related conditions, such as reducing fear or anxiety.
• Seizure Management: As an anticonvulsant, Gabapentin may be prescribed as an adjunctive (supportive) therapy alongside other medications to help manage seizure activity in pets with epilepsy.

Gabapentin is classified as an anticonvulsant and analgesic. It works by stabilising electrical activity in the brain and nervous system. It mimics a neurotransmitter GABA) that helps dampen pain transmission and "calm" overexcited nerve cells, providing relief from chronic pain and helping regulate mood.

Capsules: Available in standard human strengths (e.g., 100 mg, 300 mg), which are commonly used for medium to large dogs.

Compounded Formulations: For small dogs or cats requiring very precise or low doses, a veterinarian may prescribe a custom-strength liquid or small capsule from a compounding pharmacy.

Important Warning: Some human-branded liquid versions of Gabapentin contain Xylitol, which is highly toxic to dogs. Always ensure you use the exact formulation prescribed by your veterinarian.

Safety Parity Notice: While often used for its calming properties, it is important to monitor your pet for the following reactions:

• Sedation: The most common side effect is sleepiness or lethargy, particularly when first starting the medication or following a dose increase.
• Incoordination: Some pets may appear "wobbly" or unsteady on their feet (ataxia).
• Digestive Upset: Mild vomiting or changes in appetite may occur in some pets.

This medication should generally not be used in the following circumstances:

• Known Allergy: Do not use if your pet has a known hypersensitivity to Gabapentin.
• Abrupt Withdrawal: Should not be stopped suddenly in pets that have been taking it long-term, as this may lead to a rebound of symptoms.

The following conditions require careful consideration and monitoring by your vet:

• Antacids: Oral antacids can reduce the absorption of Gabapentin. It is generally recommended to separate these medications by at least two hours.
• Pregnancy: Do not use in pregnant or lactating animals.
• Seizure History: If your pet has a history of epilepsy, follow your veterinarian's dosing schedule strictly. Abruptly stopping Gabapentin in pets with a history of seizures may lead to a 'rebound' effect, potentially increasing the frequency or severity of seizure events.

• Temperature: Store at room temperature (ideally between 15°C and 30°C) in a dry area away from direct sunlight.
• Security: Keep the medication in its original child-resistant container and store it strictly out of reach of children and other animals.
• Moisture: Avoid storage in bathrooms or laundry areas, as high humidity can affect the stability of the capsules.

How long before a stressful event should I give Gabapentin?
When used for short-term stress support (such as a vet visit or travel), Gabapentin is typically administered 2 to 3 hours before the event. Your veterinarian may also recommend giving a dose the evening before to ensure your pet is calm

Will Gabapentin make my pet sleepy?
Drowsiness (sedation) and a slight lack of coordination (ataxia) are the most common side effects. These effects are often most noticeable when first starting the medication and usually improve as your petʼs body adjusts over several days.

Can I stop Gabapentin suddenly if my pet seems better?
No. If your pet has been taking Gabapentin long-term, stopping it abruptly can lead to "rebound" effects, such as increased pain or, in rare cases, seizures. Your veterinarian will provide a schedule to gradually reduce the dose.

Is human liquid Gabapentin safe for my dog?
You should only use the specific formulation prescribed by your veterinarian. Many human liquid versions of Gabapentin contain Xylitol, an artificial sweetener that is highly toxic to dogs and can cause life-threatening liver failure and low blood sugar.

Can Gabapentin be given with food?
Yes, Gabapentin can be given with or without food. If your pet has a sensitive stomach or experiences mild nausea after their dose, giving the medication with a small meal or a treat may help reduce digestive upset

If your veterinarian has determined that Gabapentin is appropriate for your pet and has issued a valid Australian prescription, you can fulfil it through our pharmacy service.

Learn more about VLP Pharmacy and the prescription ordering process medications like Gabapentin.

Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and does not replace professional veterinary advice. Always consult your veterinarian before starting any new medication for your pet.