Cyclosporine for Dogs: Medication & Safety Guide

Schedule 4 (Prescription Only): Cyclosporine is a prescription medication registered by the APVMA for use in dogs in Australia. 

While it is available in various forms, it is most commonly found as an ophthalmic (eye) ointment under the brand name Optimmune. It is specifically indicated for the treatment of chronic keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS or "dry eye") and chronic superficial keratitis (pannus) in dogs.

This medication must only be used under the direct supervision and prescription of a registered veterinarian.

For detailed technical data, you can view the official Product Information (PI) via the APVMA PubCRIS database.

Cyclosporine ophthalmic ointment is a specialised medication used to treat "dry eye" (KCS) in dogs. This condition occurs when a dogʼs immune system attacks its own tear glands, leading to a painful lack of natural tear production. If left untreated, dry eye can cause corneal scarring, infections, and blindness. Cyclosporine helps by reducing inflammation in the tear glands, allowing them to produce natural tears again.

Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressant. When applied to the eye, it specifically targets the white blood cells that are causing inflammation in the lacrimal (tear) glands. By "switching off" this localised immune response, the medication stops the destruction of the glands and stimulates the production of the dog's own natural tears. It also helps to reduce pigmentation and scarring on the surface of the eye.

Ophthalmic Ointment: Most commonly available in a 3.5 g tube (Optimmune). A small strip (approximately 610 mm, depending on whether it is for idiopathic chronic keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) and chronic superficial keratitis (CSK) in dogs) is typically applied to the affected eye(s) every 12 hours. One format is Optimmune Eye Ointment for Dogs.

Dosing Note: Your veterinarian will provide specific instructions on how to apply the ointment. It is essential to clean any discharge from the eye with a gentle, vet- approved wash before applying the medication to ensure it makes direct contact with the eye surface.

Safety Parity Notice: While highly effective for eye health, some dogs may experience localised reactions:

• Eye Irritation: Mild reddening of the eye, increased blinking, or squinting immediately after application.
• Skin Changes: You may notice some hair loss or redness on the skin directly surrounding the eye if excess ointment is not wiped away.
• Inflammation: In rare cases, some dogs may experience significant eyelid swelling; if this occurs, consult your veterinarian.

This medication should not be used in the following circumstances:

• Active Viral or Fungal Infections: Should not be used if the eye has an active viral or fungal infection, as suppressing the local immune response can allow these infections to worsen.
• Known Allergy: Do not use if your dog has a known hypersensitivity to cyclosporine or any of the ingredients in the ointment (such as petrolatum).

The following conditions require careful consideration and monitoring by your vet:

• Schirmer Tear Test (STT): Your veterinarian will perform regular tear tests to monitor your dog's progress and ensure the medication is working effectively.
• Consistency: Treatment must be consistent. If doses are frequently missed, the immune system will begin attacking the tear glands again, and the dry eye symptoms will return.
• Hygiene: Do not touch the tip of the tube to the eye or any other surface, as this can contaminate the remaining ointment in the tube.

Temperature: Store at air conditioning temperature (below 25°C.

Security: Keep the tube tightly capped when not in use. Store it out of reach of children and other animals.

How long does it take for my dog's eyes to look better?
While some dogs show improvement within the first week, it can take 3 to 6 weeks of consistent daily use to see a significant increase in tear production and a reduction in eye redness.

Will my dog need this medication forever?
Yes. In the vast majority of cases, KCS is a lifelong chronic condition. Cyclosporine manages the immune response but does not "cure" it. If you stop the medication, the tear glands will likely stop functioning again.

What should I do if my dog also needs eye drops?
If your dog is on multiple eye medications, wait at least 5 to 10 minutes between each one. Usually, drops are applied first, and ointments (like Cyclosporine) are applied last.

Is it painful for the dog when I apply the ointment?
The ointment itself is designed to be soothing. However, if your dogʼs eye is already very dry and sore, they may squint initially. As the eye becomes more lubricated over time, application usually becomes much easier for the dog.

Can I use this for my cat's eye infection?
No. This medication is specifically registered for dogs with certain immune-mediated conditions. It is not an antibiotic and will not treat a standard eye infection. Never use it on another pet without a veterinary prescription.

If your veterinarian has determined that Cyclosporine is appropriate for your pet and has issued a valid Australian prescription, you can fulfil it through our pharmacy service.

Learn more about VLP Pharmacy and the prescription ordering process for medications like Cyclosporine.

Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and does not replace professional veterinary advice. Always consult your veterinarian before starting any new medication for your pet.